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No More Safety Net: The Surgical Training Journey.

Article Summary

March 4, 2025

It starts long before the sun rises. The anticipation, the anxiety, the relentless replaying of scenarios in your mind. You’re lying in bed, staring at the ceiling, chasing a sleep that refuses to come.

In This Article:

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It starts long before the sun rises. The anticipation, the anxiety, the relentless replaying of scenarios in your mind. You’re lying in bed, staring at the ceiling, chasing a sleep that refuses to come. Tomorrow holds a big case—a procedure with no room for error. You’ve done it before, but what if today is different? What if today is the day something goes wrong? The weight presses down harder.

You close your eyes, but instead of rest, you see the OR. The instruments, the drapes, the monitors. Did you remember to double-check the scans? Did you anticipate the complications? It doesn’t matter if it’s a holiday or your day off; the OR lives within you. Surgery isn’t just something you do—it’s something you carry.

The Foundation of Fear: The Training Years

The journey to becoming a surgeon is relentless, starting with the crucible of residency. It’s a time when exceptional training isn’t just a nice-to-have; it’s a survival skill. The goal isn’t just passing in-training exams or securing a fellowship—though those milestones matter immensely. It’s about something far greater: gaining the breadth and depth of experience that prepares you to step into the OR as the most responsible physician, where every decision is yours alone, and the stakes couldn’t be higher.

Each rotation, each night on call, each challenging case builds a reservoir of knowledge and skill. But it’s never enough. The pressure to prepare for the boards is suffocating—mock exams, endless review sessions, sleepless nights of studying. And when you finally score the fellowship, it feels like the starting line, not the finish. This is where you’re pushed to refine your craft to a level of mastery that far exceeds simply “knowing the steps.” You learn to anticipate the unexpected, to navigate the unpredictable, to lead under pressure.

Because when you walk into the OR as the attending, there’s no safety net. You are the net.

The Morning Of

When the alarm finally drags you from restless dreams, you’re already on edge. Breakfast? Forget it. Your stomach churns at the thought. There’s no appetite for food, only an insatiable need to be in the OR, to begin. Your hands fumble through your morning routine, but your mind is elsewhere. You’re visualizing every step, recalling every lecture, every note, every video you watched the night before. You’ve never done this specific procedure before, not on your own. You’re cramming like a student before finals, only this isn’t theory—this is someone’s life.

The Drive In

The drive to the hospital feels surreal. The roads blur together as you rehearse the case in your mind. Did the rep confirm the implants are ready? Will the anesthetist you trust be on shift today? Will the scrub techs/OR nurses know their roles? A wave of nausea hits as you pull into the parking lot. The veneer of confidence you must wear is a cruel mask, concealing the storm inside. Your heart pounds, your palms sweat, but there’s no time for hesitation. The patient is waiting. The team is waiting. And they all need you to lead.

The OR—Where the Real Battle Begins

Walking into the OR, you slip on your scrubs like armor. You greet your team, each exchange laced with unspoken pressure. They look to you for guidance, for calm, for assurance. But inside, you’re running through every “what if.” The rep meets you by the sterile field, and together you run a quick huddle. Are the implants all here? Do we have backups? You talk through the plan and the contingencies, trying to anticipate every curveball the surgery might throw.

The patient is wheeled in, and for a brief moment, your eyes meet theirs. They’ve placed their trust in you. They don’t see the nerves, the doubts, the sleepless night you endured. They see a confident surgeon, calm and composed. You’re their anchor, their hope. You take a deep breath and begin.

The Duality of the OR

The OR is a paradox. It’s where you feel the most alive and the most vulnerable. Every decision, every movement is a calculation, a test of your skill and focus. The room hums with tension, every team member attuned to the task at hand. Mistakes are not an option, but perfection feels like a distant hope. If the anatomy surprises you, if the instruments don’t fit quite right, if the bleeding doesn’t stop—it all falls on you.

The hours slip by in a haze of concentration. Surgery (for the most part) is an exhausting mental exercise. When the case is over, you step back, exhausted and drained, yet strangely exhilarated. Did you make the right call? Did you miss anything? The weight never truly lifts, but for now, the patient is stable. You tell the family everything went well, offering them the reassurance you wish you could feel yourself.

The Fade of Fear, the Growth of Expertise

Over time, something changes. With each successful case, each lesson learned, the fear begins to fade—not entirely, but enough to leave room for a quiet confidence. The sleepless nights become less frequent as your hands move with practiced ease, your instincts sharpened by repetition. The weight you once carried everywhere now feels lighter, even if it never truly disappears.

But with experience comes new layers of complexity. New innovations and techniques flood the market daily, while medical device companies release products at an unprecedented pace. The challenge is no longer just mastering the fundamentals but staying ahead of the curve. How do you navigate this relentless influx? How do you integrate cutting-edge tools without compromising the confidence and precision your patients depend on?

The answer lies in the lessons of your early years—the relentless pursuit of learning, the discipline of preparation, and the humility to keep growing. As the tools evolve, so must you. Because while the stress of being an early-career surgeon may fade, the responsibility never does. But with every case, every challenge, you prove to yourself why you chose this path.

It’s exhausting. It’s exhilarating. And it’s worth every moment.

About Dr. Goel

Dr. Danny Goel, is an orthopedic surgeon specializing in shoulder procedures and the CEO of PrecisionOS, a Vancouver-based company pioneering virtual reality solutions for surgical training. He earned his medical degree and a Master’s in Science from the University of Manitoba, followed by orthopedic surgery training at the University of Calgary. Dr. Goel completed fellowship training at Western and Harvard University, with additional experience in complex shoulder tendon transfers at the Mayo Clinic. As a Clinical Professor at the University of British Columbia’s Department of Orthopedic Surgery, he contributes to advancing surgical education. Under his leadership, PrecisionOS has developed innovative VR platforms that enhance surgical readiness and patient outcomes.

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Take your surgical preparedness to the next level with our immersive training ecosystem. Looking to scale your program? Request more info for your institution here.

About PrecisionOS

PrecisionOS is a leader in virtual reality-enabled surgical education. Trusted by top academic medical centers, health systems, and professional societies worldwide, the company delivers an immersive, scalable training ecosystem designed by surgeons for residents and the next generation of healthcare professionals. By combining high-fidelity VR cadaver labs with on-the-go access via the Approaches mobile module and AI-driven performance reporting, PrecisionOS ensures surgeons are ready for the OR, today.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is there a step-by-step "Quick Start" guide for residents?

Yes—The Onboarding Course is your fastest path to proficiency. It walks you through account syncing, procedure selection, and your first virtual rehearsal step-by-step, ensuring you are “OR Ready” before you pick up the controllers.

Action: Follow the guided video path to standardize your learning experience.

Yes. PrecisionOS is compatible with Meta Quest 3, and 3s. If you already own a headset, you simply need to download the PrecisionOS Launcher from the App Store and sign in with your institution email and membership credentials.

Action: Download the launcher and log in.

Your Individual Membership is a month-to-month subscription ($99/mo) designed for residents who want 24/7 access to surgical rehearsal without a long-term contract.  Reach out for information about an institutional membership.

Action: Your card is billed every 30 days from the date of signup.

Hospital networks will often require a MAC address for device white-listing. You can find this in your Meta Quest headset settings under About > MAC Address.

Action: Reach out to provide your IT department with the MAC address found in your headset settings.

Both the headset firmware and the PrecisionOS app must be up to date to prevent technical glitches. Go to Settings > Software Update on your Quest and check the Launcher for app updates.

Action: Enable “Auto-updates” in your headset settings.

About The Author

Picture of Danny P. Goel, MD

Danny P. Goel, MD

Is the CEO of PrecisionOS and is a practicing surgeon and surgical educator. Dr. Goel currently practices in the Vancouver, B.C. area and also serves on the University of British Columbia’s Faculty of Medicine in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery.

He received his medical degree from the University of Manitoba, pursued his residency training in orthopedic surgery at the University of Calgary, and completed fellowship training in shoulder surgery at the University of Western Ontario and Harvard University.

Goel has co-authored more than 30 publications, and is widely sought as a presenter on surgical techniques.

21 Months of Automated VR Data

MAJOR ACADEMIC ORTHOPAEDIC RESIDENCY PROGRAM

How self-directed VR practice fills the seams of the clinical day and produces measurable learning trajectories—completely automatically.

Executive Summary:

Over a 21-month period, 30 orthopaedic residents integrated immersive VR into their training curriculum. With a simple, weekly requirement for residents to practice in headset, the platform seamlessly captured over 88,000 structured data points across 2,566 practice sessions. The resulting data proved that when residents have access to high-fidelity, frictionless simulation and are motivated, they will hone their skills and demonstrate clear performance improvements.

Frictionless Adoption: Practice doesn't compete with clinical time. The data revealed that 45% of all sessions happened organically during lunch breaks or on weekends.

Comprehensive Coverage: Usage wasn't limited to a single subspecialty. Residents attempted 61 distinct cases across 27 procedure modules, proving active engagement from Foundations & Anatomy to Complex Trauma.

Measurable Improvement: The platform didn't just track usage; it tracked skill acquisition. Across 288 scored playthroughs, longitudinal data showed a clear performance signal, with residents demonstrating an average positive learning delta of +0.36 over time.

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Own Your Progress.

Download the PrecisionOS mobile app to access Delphi’s insight reports and turn every VR session into a springboard for future success.

Step #1

State Your Intent

Tell Delphi, your AI Attending Mentor, what you are looking to practice.

Step #2

Get Practice Recommendations

Based on your request, Delphi will suggest personalized VR apps and Video training.

Step #3

Queue Apps In VR

Tap Add to Queue and the VR app will be waiting for you in headset.

Step #4

Learn From Experts

Access the video library for expert-led Virtual Grand Rounds and discover surgical pearls from industry leaders and device experts.

Step #4

Practice With A Plan

Go through the recommended VR apps to gain the skills and repetition needed for success. 

Step #5

Review Performance Insights

After your VR session, review your personalized performance insight on your phone to maximine your OR success. 

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Dr. Andrew Maeso

Orthopedic resident

From Uncertainty to Execution

“You already have a plan, now you’re just executing it.”

The Story: Bridging the "Intern Gap"

Dr. Andrew Maeso recognizes the steep reality of residency: “As an intern, you are thrown into the fire.” For him, the hurdle wasn’t just the surgery—it was the invisible mechanics (positioning, X-ray angles, and workflow) that move too fast to learn in a high-pressure OR.

The Solution: Access Over Policy

By bringing the PrecisionOS ecosystem home, Dr. Maeso replaced passive YouTube watching with active mental rehearsal. This allowed him to arrive in the OR with the “steps” already hard-coded into his muscle memory.

The Game Changer: Personal headsets issued for at-home, 24/7 training.

Clinical Focus: Mastery of Antegrade Femoral Nails and Shoulder Arthroscopy.

Program Growth: Experience led to secured funding for all incoming residents.

Smiling man wearing glasses and checkered shirt in an office setting.

Roberto Oliveira

Founder

Over his 25 years in the gaming industry, Roberto Oliveira has been known for bringing stunning realism and high fidelity to interactive experiences.

He combines an art director’s artistic vision with solid business leadership, including experience in building art teams, creative team management, project planning, project management and business development.

Over the years, his talents have been showcased in projects for major publishers including Sony, Activision, Disney and Electronic Arts.

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Dr. Ryan Lohre

MGH Staff Surgeon

From Resident to MGH Staff Surgeon

“Prepare like it matters. Because in the OR—it does.”

The Story: The Currency of Trust

Dr. Ryan Lohre’s trajectory changed during a complex pediatric case that had already seen two failed attempts by tenured surgeons. While textbooks offered the theory, Dr. Lohre used VR to master the 3D spatial intelligence required to build a mental model of the deformity and navigate C-arm imagery in real-time.

The Solution: The 18-Minute Sandbox

The night before surgery, Dr. Lohre rehearsed the procedure four times in VR from his own home. This high-fidelity rehearsal allowed him to arrive in the OR functioning at 80-90% proficiency, compared to the typical 10-20% for a resident facing a new, complex procedure.

The Game Changer: 18 minutes of at-home VR prep for a complex pediatric case.

Clinical Focus: Spatial intelligence for C-arm interpretation and screw trajectory.

Program Growth: Transitioned from trainee to Staff Surgeon at Mass General.

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Dr. Barry McDonough

Program Director

Teaching with Surgical Efficiency

“I let the junior resident do more than ever before—and still finished on time.”

The Story: Reclaiming the OR

While at West Virginia University (WVU), Dr. Barry McDonough faced a universal challenge: balancing resident education with strict OR efficiency. By the time residents step into the OR, foundational skills like camera handling and triangulation should be second nature—not a distraction that slows down the case.

The Solution: Independent Preparation

Residents were assigned just 10 minutes of asynchronous VR training per week. This allowed them to master the “invisible” basics of arthroscopy on their own time. With an average of 17 sessions completed during the pilot, residents arrived with a mental roadmap that translated into immediate technical fluency.

The Game Changer: Asynchronous prep—residents train independently at home.

Clinical Focus: Mastery of triangulation, scope control, and anchor placement.

Program Growth: Model expanded across trauma, spine, and upper extremity.

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Dr. Charlie Spieser

Orthopedic Resident

Mastering the Visuo-Spatial Gap

“VR practice shifts questioning from case generalizations to technique refinement.”

The Story: From Application to Confidence

Charlie Spieser highlights a universal resident hurdle: the high-stress transition from “book knowledge” to real-world execution. Early in training, the fear of making irreversible decisions can lead to hesitation. To bridge this gap, Charlie utilized VR as a daily resource for kinetic learning and anatomical association.

The Solution: Refining Spatial Intelligence

Unlike textbooks or passive videos, PrecisionOS allowed Charlie to practice high-stakes approaches—such as the anterior total hip—in a guided, 3D environment. This repetition provided a “safe sandbox” to identify why errors occurred, building the visuo-spatial confidence required to navigate complex anatomy before ever entering the OR.

The Game Changer: Daily Integration—normalized as an expected program resource.

Clinical Focus: Anterior Total Hip and Deltopectoral surgical approaches.

Program Growth: Nuanced Mentorship—shifting focus to specific faculty preferences.

Orthopaedic virtual reality training for junior residents in surgery.

Immersive Virtual Reality Training for a Junior Orthopaedic Surgery Resident

Andres D Maeso, DO, Michael R McDermott, DO, Jerrod A Steimle, DO

How consistent iVR training accelerates technical fluency and attending trust for first-year residents.

Executive Summary: This case study follows a first-year resident’s integration of immersive VR (iVR) into their surgical curriculum. By dedicating consistent training time to virtual modules, the resident was able to master procedural steps and receive real-time feedback in a risk-free environment before ever stepping into the operating room. The study highlights that this deliberate practice led to a “noticeable improvement in overall efficiency” and significantly increased the attending’s trust and confidence in the resident’s intraoperative capabilities.

Source Attribution: Immersive Virtual Reality Training for a Junior Orthopaedic Surgery Resident, Journal of Orthopaedic Experience & Innovation (2025).

Muscle Memory Development: The repetitive nature of immersive VR (iVR) training, combined with constant real-time feedback, allows technical surgical steps to become deep-seated muscle memory.

Measurable Efficiency Gains: Residents utilizing the platform observe a "noticeable improvement" in overall efficiency and technical proficiency when performing complex orthopedic procedures.

Accelerated Attending Trust: Preoperative rehearsal in a virtual environment significantly increases attending surgeon confidence, directly leading to increased autonomy for the resident in the operating room.

Professional man in business attire for PrecisionOS.

Danny P. Goel, MD

Chief Executive Officer

A practicing surgeon and surgical educator, Dr. Goel currently practices in the Vancouver, B.C. area and also serves on the University of British Columbia’s Faculty of Medicine in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery.

He received his medical degree from the University of Manitoba, pursued his residency training in orthopedic surgery at the University of Calgary, and completed fellowship training in shoulder surgery at the University of Western Ontario and Harvard University.

Goel has co-authored more than 30 publications, and is widely sought as a presenter on surgical techniques.

Professional man smiling in a blue shirt for PrecisionOS About Us page.

Colin O'Connor

Founder

Colin O’Connor brings a proven track record as a business leader and entrepreneur, as well as expertise at developing cutting-edge technology to create immersive, high-fidelity experiences.

He has overseen and played key leadership roles in the highest echelons of the video game industry, founding companies and taking more than 16 top-tier titles to market.

He has worked at the forefront in innovating new rendering technologies in the areas of lighting, motion, particle graphics and shading that bring unprecedented realism to interactive experiences.

Step #1

Ask Delphi

Tell Delphi, your AI Attending Mentor, what you want to practice today.