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El círculo virtuoso de valor para los cirujanos

Article Summary

febrero 5, 2019

In This Article:

Doctor Holding Xray

Michael Porter cree que el sistema de salud se está transformando en un sistema basado en el valor más que en los servicios.

En el Clinical Congress 2018, él instó a los asistentes to “be leaders in this transformation, rather than be dragged along.” He believes such a transformation is necessary because healthcare costs are unsustainable: they’re rising faster than GDP and income in most developed countries.

Entonces, ¿cómo se pueden reducir los costes sanitarios? Porter señala que las mejoras incrementales para reducir costos no han tenido éxito. En cambio, aboga por una reestructuración de la atención médica hacia un enfoque en un solo objetivo: mejorando el valor para los pacientes.

Sistema operativo de precisión partner, Jon “J.P.” Warner M.D., believes healthcare providers should learn from Porter’s Círculo virtuoso de valor, que enfatiza la importancia del volumen: un mayor número de pacientes con la misma condición permite un mayor valor para los pacientes.

Volumen, resultados y valor

El Dr. Warner es un cirujano ortopédico en el Instituto del hombro de Boston y coautor de un artículo publicado en Arthroscopy Journal que examina el relación entre volumen y resultados en cirugía.

Señala que la investigación muestra que los proveedores de bajo volumen están asociados con estadías hospitalarias más prolongadas, tiempos de quirófano más prolongados, mayores complicaciones hospitalarias y costos más altos. Sin embargo, también señala que el efecto del volumen sobre los resultados es menor en los casos en que el entrenamiento de residencia ortopédica proporciona una mayor exposición (como en la artroplastia total de cadera y rodilla, por ejemplo).

Estos hallazgos sugieren que establecer un umbral de volumen es una forma de proporcionar un mejor valor a los pacientes. Porter fue el primero en proponer la ecuación de valor para una atención eficaz:

Valor = resultado / costo

Para brindar más valor a los pacientes, los proveedores de atención médica deben mejorar los resultados quirúrgicos o disminuir los costos. Porter ha estudiado el efecto del volumen de la cirugía on outcomes and value in healthcare and proposed a “Virtuous Circle of Value” based on the volume of care (see figure below).

FuenteVolumen y resultado: 100 años de perspectiva sobre el valor de EA Codman a ME Porter, reprinted from Porter and Kaplan’s “How to pay for healthcare”.

Un mayor volumen de pacientes genera un ciclo de retroalimentación positiva de mejoras, comenzando con más experiencia, mejores datos, mayor eficiencia, etc.

It’s important to note, however, that providers can begin at multiple points in the cycle: increasing volume is not the only way to increase value. Dr. Warner shows that esfuerzos sistemáticos para medir los resultados y mejorar también puede conducir a mejores resultados.

La importancia de medir los resultados

Porter ofrece el Martini Klinik en Alemania como un ejemplo de un proveedor de atención médica que ha internalizado el Círculo Virtuoso de Valor.

They created “a hospital within a hospital” that integrates all the elements of care and, most crucially, supports the systematic measurement of outcomes to determine which surgeons are underperforming. When an underperformer at the Martini Klinik is identified, they receive mentorship from better-performing surgeons. As a result, outcomes quickly improve up to the required benchmark.

En general, Martini Klinik tiene tasas de complicaciones mucho más bajas que los proveedores comparables. Por lo tanto, el volumen puede ser importante, pero también lo es la medición sistemática de los resultados. Investigación realizada por el Dr. Shahian confirma que la medición de todo el proceso de atención, desde la toma de decisiones preoperatorias hasta la cirugía y el cuidado posterior, puede mejorar drásticamente los resultados. EA Codman estaría de acuerdo.

En Eficiencia hospitalaria, Codman escribió:

“To effect improvement, the first step is to admit and record the lack of perfection. The next step is to analyze the causes of failure and to determine whether these causes are controllable.”

El Dr. Warner concluye que, aunque el volumen juega un papel en la determinación del valor, aún más importante es la medición de los resultados y las mejoras basadas en estas mediciones.

Dr. Warner believes measuring outcomes will become even more important as hospitals move to alternative payment models – and there have already been proposals for the creation of insurance bundles in shoulder arthroplasty and rotator cuff repair. For example, in 1994, Johnson and Becker proposed and delivered a warranty on outcomes for a estudio piloto de artroscopia de dos años y logró aumentar los márgenes de ganancia para el hospital y el cirujano involucrado.

Se ha demostrado que centrarse en mejorar los resultados, en lugar de prestar servicios, es una forma sólida de reducir los costos y aumentar el valor para los pacientes.

Valor y resultados

Existe una clara asociación entre el volumen y los resultados (como se demuestra en el Círculo Virtuoso de Valor). Sin embargo, los proveedores de atención médica también pueden aumentar el valor del paciente a través de un enfoque dedicado a la medición, supervisión y programas prácticos de aprendizaje y tutoría.

Volviendo una vez más al Círculo Virtuoso de Valor, el proceso de medir y mejorar los resultados naturalmente aumenta la eficiencia, mejora los resultados quirúrgicos y aumenta el valor para los pacientes. Como resultado, el volumen de pacientes aumenta y los cirujanos y hospitales obtienen más beneficios.

Por lo tanto, los proveedores de atención médica pueden aumentar el valor para todos al instituir un proceso de aprendizaje y mejora continuos.

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Yes. PrecisionOS is compatible with Meta Quest 3, and 3s. If you already own a headset, you simply need to download the PrecisionOS Launcher from the App Store and sign in with your institution email and membership credentials.

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About The Author

Imagen de Danny P. Goel, MD

Danny P. Goel, médico

Is the CEO of PrecisionOS and is a practicing surgeon and surgical educator. Dr. Goel currently practices in the Vancouver, B.C. area and also serves on the University of British Columbia’s Faculty of Medicine in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery.

He received his medical degree from the University of Manitoba, pursued his residency training in orthopedic surgery at the University of Calgary, and completed fellowship training in shoulder surgery at the University of Western Ontario and Harvard University.

Goel has co-authored more than 30 publications, and is widely sought as a presenter on surgical techniques.

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Executive Summary:

Over a 21-month period, 30 orthopaedic residents integrated immersive VR into their training curriculum. With a simple, weekly requirement for residents to practice in headset, the platform seamlessly captured over 88,000 structured data points across 2,566 practice sessions. The resulting data proved that when residents have access to high-fidelity, frictionless simulation and are motivated, they will hone their skills and demonstrate clear performance improvements.

Frictionless Adoption: Practice doesn't compete with clinical time. The data revealed that 45% of all sessions happened organically during lunch breaks or on weekends.

Comprehensive Coverage: Usage wasn't limited to a single subspecialty. Residents attempted 61 distinct cases across 27 procedure modules, proving active engagement from Foundations & Anatomy to Complex Trauma.

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Dr. Andrew Maeso

Orthopedic resident

From Uncertainty to Execution

“You already have a plan, now you’re just executing it.”

The Story: Bridging the "Intern Gap"

Dr. Andrew Maeso recognizes the steep reality of residency: “As an intern, you are thrown into the fire.” For him, the hurdle wasn’t just the surgery—it was the invisible mechanics (positioning, X-ray angles, and workflow) that move too fast to learn in a high-pressure OR.

The Solution: Access Over Policy

By bringing the PrecisionOS ecosystem home, Dr. Maeso replaced passive YouTube watching with active mental rehearsal. This allowed him to arrive in the OR with the “steps” already hard-coded into his muscle memory.

The Game Changer: Personal headsets issued for at-home, 24/7 training.

Clinical Focus: Mastery of Antegrade Femoral Nails and Shoulder Arthroscopy.

Program Growth: Experience led to secured funding for all incoming residents.

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Roberto Oliveira

Founder

Over his 25 years in the gaming industry, Roberto Oliveira has been known for bringing stunning realism and high fidelity to interactive experiences.

He combines an art director’s artistic vision with solid business leadership, including experience in building art teams, creative team management, project planning, project management and business development.

Over the years, his talents have been showcased in projects for major publishers including Sony, Activision, Disney and Electronic Arts.

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Dr. Ryan Lohre

MGH Staff Surgeon

From Resident to MGH Staff Surgeon

“Prepare like it matters. Because in the OR—it does.”

The Story: The Currency of Trust

Dr. Ryan Lohre’s trajectory changed during a complex pediatric case that had already seen two failed attempts by tenured surgeons. While textbooks offered the theory, Dr. Lohre used VR to master the 3D spatial intelligence required to build a mental model of the deformity and navigate C-arm imagery in real-time.

The Solution: The 18-Minute Sandbox

The night before surgery, Dr. Lohre rehearsed the procedure four times in VR from his own home. This high-fidelity rehearsal allowed him to arrive in the OR functioning at 80-90% proficiency, compared to the typical 10-20% for a resident facing a new, complex procedure.

The Game Changer: 18 minutes of at-home VR prep for a complex pediatric case.

Clinical Focus: Spatial intelligence for C-arm interpretation and screw trajectory.

Program Growth: Transitioned from trainee to Staff Surgeon at Mass General.

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Dr. Barry McDonough

Program Director

Teaching with Surgical Efficiency

“I let the junior resident do more than ever before—and still finished on time.”

The Story: Reclaiming the OR

While at West Virginia University (WVU), Dr. Barry McDonough faced a universal challenge: balancing resident education with strict OR efficiency. By the time residents step into the OR, foundational skills like camera handling and triangulation should be second nature—not a distraction that slows down the case.

The Solution: Independent Preparation

Residents were assigned just 10 minutes of asynchronous VR training per week. This allowed them to master the “invisible” basics of arthroscopy on their own time. With an average of 17 sessions completed during the pilot, residents arrived with a mental roadmap that translated into immediate technical fluency.

The Game Changer: Asynchronous prep—residents train independently at home.

Clinical Focus: Mastery of triangulation, scope control, and anchor placement.

Program Growth: Model expanded across trauma, spine, and upper extremity.

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Dr. Charlie Spieser

Orthopedic Resident

Mastering the Visuo-Spatial Gap

“VR practice shifts questioning from case generalizations to technique refinement.”

The Story: From Application to Confidence

Charlie Spieser highlights a universal resident hurdle: the high-stress transition from “book knowledge” to real-world execution. Early in training, the fear of making irreversible decisions can lead to hesitation. To bridge this gap, Charlie utilized VR as a daily resource for kinetic learning and anatomical association.

The Solution: Refining Spatial Intelligence

Unlike textbooks or passive videos, PrecisionOS allowed Charlie to practice high-stakes approaches—such as the anterior total hip—in a guided, 3D environment. This repetition provided a “safe sandbox” to identify why errors occurred, building the visuo-spatial confidence required to navigate complex anatomy before ever entering the OR.

The Game Changer: Daily Integration—normalized as an expected program resource.

Clinical Focus: Anterior Total Hip and Deltopectoral surgical approaches.

Program Growth: Nuanced Mentorship—shifting focus to specific faculty preferences.

Orthopaedic virtual reality training for junior residents in surgery.

Immersive Virtual Reality Training for a Junior Orthopaedic Surgery Resident

Andres D Maeso, DO, Michael R McDermott, DO, Jerrod A Steimle, DO

How consistent iVR training accelerates technical fluency and attending trust for first-year residents.

Executive Summary: This case study follows a first-year resident’s integration of immersive VR (iVR) into their surgical curriculum. By dedicating consistent training time to virtual modules, the resident was able to master procedural steps and receive real-time feedback in a risk-free environment before ever stepping into the operating room. The study highlights that this deliberate practice led to a “noticeable improvement in overall efficiency” and significantly increased the attending’s trust and confidence in the resident’s intraoperative capabilities.

Source Attribution: Immersive Virtual Reality Training for a Junior Orthopaedic Surgery Resident, Journal of Orthopaedic Experience & Innovation (2025).

Muscle Memory Development: The repetitive nature of immersive VR (iVR) training, combined with constant real-time feedback, allows technical surgical steps to become deep-seated muscle memory.

Measurable Efficiency Gains: Residents utilizing the platform observe a "noticeable improvement" in overall efficiency and technical proficiency when performing complex orthopedic procedures.

Accelerated Attending Trust: Preoperative rehearsal in a virtual environment significantly increases attending surgeon confidence, directly leading to increased autonomy for the resident in the operating room.

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Danny P. Goel, médico

Director ejecutivo

A practicing surgeon and surgical educator, Dr. Goel currently practices in the Vancouver, B.C. area and also serves on the University of British Columbia’s Faculty of Medicine in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery.

He received his medical degree from the University of Manitoba, pursued his residency training in orthopedic surgery at the University of Calgary, and completed fellowship training in shoulder surgery at the University of Western Ontario and Harvard University.

Goel has co-authored more than 30 publications, and is widely sought as a presenter on surgical techniques.

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Colin O'Connor

Founder

Colin O’Connor brings a proven track record as a business leader and entrepreneur, as well as expertise at developing cutting-edge technology to create immersive, high-fidelity experiences.

He has overseen and played key leadership roles in the highest echelons of the video game industry, founding companies and taking more than 16 top-tier titles to market.

He has worked at the forefront in innovating new rendering technologies in the areas of lighting, motion, particle graphics and shading that bring unprecedented realism to interactive experiences.

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